Jurisprudence

  • Informations concernant l’affaire
    • ID national: Court of Cassation, judgement C.19.0631.NCourt of Cassation, judgement C.19.0631.N
    • État membre: Belgique
    • Nom commun:N/A
    • Type de décision: Décision de la Cour suprême
    • Date de la décision: 09/10/2020
    • Juridiction: Hof van Cassatie
    • Objet:
    • Demandeur:
    • Défendeur:
    • Mots clés: Unfair terms, B2C, nullity, consumer contract, replacement
  • Articles de la directive
    Unfair Contract Terms Directive, Article 3, 3. Unfair Contract Terms Directive, Article 6, 1. Unfair Contract Terms Directive, ANNEX I, 1., (d)
  • Note introductive

    ECLI:BE:CASS:2020:ARR.20201009.1N.1

     

    A judge is precluded from replacing an unfair term in a consumer contract with a provision based on national supplementary law in order to remedy the invalidity of the contract without investigating whether the nullity of the contract has unfavourable consequences for the consumer. In any case, he may not do so when the unfair contract term as such has no unfavourable consequences for the consumer.

  • Faits

    On the basis of the provisions of the Code of Economic Law, a judge classifies as unfair a term in a residential rental contract permitting the owner to retain sums paid by the consumer where the latter decides not to conclude or perform the contract, without providing for the consumer to receive compensation of an equivalent amount from the owner where the latter is the party cancelling the contract. In view of solving the dispute between the parties, the judge annuls the unfair term imposing unilaterally a re-letting fee on the consumer and replaces the fee by a re-letting fee calculated in accordance with national supplementary law.

  • Question juridique

    Can a judge annul an unfair term containing a re-letting fee and retain the contract in existence by replacing the unfair fee with a fee based on national supplementary law?

  • Décision

    The Court of Cassation concludes, referring to the case law of the ECJ, that a judge is precluded from replacing an unfair term in a consumer contract with a provision based on national supplementary law if the nullity of the contract term has no unfavourable consequences for the consumer. According to the ECJ’s case law, a judge is only capable of doing so when the nullity of the contract in consequence of the unfair term has particularly unfavourable consequences for the consumer.

    URL: https://juportal.be/content/ECLI:BE:CASS:2020:ARR.20201009.1N.1?HiLi=eNpLtDKxqs60MrAutrK0UkrOzysuzU3NK1GyzrQyBIqZWCkZGRgZgLhGECXO/n7Bob6ufiEgMWOoGEJbLQDEuhfP

    Texte intégral: Texte intégral

  • Affaires liées

    Aucun résultat disponible

  • Doctrine

    Aucun résultat disponible

  • Résultat

    The Court of Cassation annulled the decision in appeal of the Court of First Instance Antwerp on this point.