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Podrobnosti případu
- Národní identifikační číslo: Supreme Court, Judgement 33 Cdo 1767/2019
- členský stát: Česko
- Obecný název:N/A
- Typ rozhodnutí: Rozhodnutí Nejvyššího soudu
- Datum vydání rozhodnutí: 15/07/2020
- Soud: Nejvyssi soud
- Předmět:
- Žalobce:
- Žalovaný:
- Klíčová slova: transparency, consumer rights, interpretation of consumer contract

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Články směrnice

Consumer Rights Directive, Chapter 2, Article 5
Úvodní poznámka

ECLI:CZ:NS:2020:33.CDO.1767.2019.1

The parties concluded a written contract for the work (construction). The constructor did some 'extra work', which was carried out without being agreed upon. In addition, the question of whether the value added tax of 15% is included in the price of the work, allowed a double interpretation according to art. 1812 (1) of the CC.
Skutkový stav

The Court first tried to interpret the contractual agreement unambiguously with the help of the aspects stated in § 556 par. CC, still, two interpretations remain even after taking into account what preceded the legal proceedings and what the parties subsequently revealed. Unfortunately, the participants created a situation that allowed for two interpretations. The Court of First and Second Instance, therefore, concluded that, since it was not possible to prove which oral proceedings accompanied the contractual process, it was only necessary to rely on the written wording of the contract. In his appeal to the Supreme Court, the entrepreneur insisted that the price of the work was agreed with VAT and that the consumer must have been aware of the entrepreneur´s intention to charge a price plus value added tax. The Supreme Court, regarding the relationship between § 556 et seq. and § 1812 para. 1 CC, repeatedly explained that if the manner of expression of the participants does not give rise to any doubt of the parties insofar as comprehensibility, in other words, if the will expressed by the participants in the legal proceedings is clearly formulated, no other interpretation of the expressed will is possible.
Právní otázky

What is the relationship between the general interpretation rule set in art 556 CC and a specific interpretation rule set in art. 1812 para.1 CC on consumer contracts?
Rozhodnutí

In the event that the courts reach a certain conclusion on the claim arising from the legal proceedings, the content of which are doubts that need to be removed by its interpretation, and the reasons for their decision do not indicate whether they have interpreted (applied the rules of interpretation under the cited legislation) nor primarily examined the will of the persons acting, their legal assessment of the case is incomplete and therefore incorrect.

URL: https://nsoud.cz/Judikatura/judikatura_ns.nsf/WebSearch/9EE89584A4276ECDC12585FD0018B212?openDocument&Highlight=0

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Související případy

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Právní nauka

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Výsledek

The Supreme Court stated that the Court of Appeal did not deal with the sufficiently real will of the parties at the time of concluding the work contract. It merely referred in summary terms to the factual and legal conclusions of the Court of First Instance, which, although it 'attempted to interpret the contractual arrangement unequivocally' using the criteria set out in Paragraph 556 (1) CC, concluded that there was no established practice between the parties. For the reasons explained, the Supreme Court considers the judgement of the Court of Appeal to be incorrect and therefore set it aside and remanded it for a new hearing.

Judikatura

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