Case law

  • Case Details
    • National ID: HD 200.045.188
    • Member State: Netherlands
    • Common Name:X v. Achmea Schadeverzekeringen NV
    • Decision type: Other
    • Decision date: 22/03/2011
    • Court: Gerechtshof (Appellate court, Hertogenbosch)
    • Subject:
    • Plaintiff:
    • Defendant:
    • Keywords:
  • Directive Articles
    Unfair Contract Terms Directive, Article 4, 2.
  • Headnote
    Standard contract term in insurance contract concerning exclusion from the scope of application of the insurance are not subject to the unfairness test.
  • Facts
    Consumer bought in February 2007 a ship from a warden of the Duisburg’s harbour. The ship was located in Duisburg and have not been sailed in a year and a half. Consumer applied for an insurance via the website of an insurance company (FBTO, later taken over by Achmea). The insurance company sent a letter on the 2nd of May 2007 that prior to confirming the insurance, a technical inspection of the ship will need to take place, but as of 1st of May 2007 the ship was insured on a temporary basis. The ship was to sail to the Netherlands on the 23rd of June 2007, but due to problems with rear accelerator it promptly returned to the harbour of Duisburg. During the night from 25th to 26th of June 2007 the ship sank. Since the ship was blocking the channel it needed to be removed and stored somewhere else. Consumer claimed resulting damage from the insurance company. The insurance company refused to pay any storage costs. The dispute arose as to the character of the standard contract terms of the insurance company that excluded the obligation of the insurance company to pay for such damage.
  • Legal issue
    The consumer claimed unfairness of the provisions of the standard contract terms that exclude insurance company’s obligation to pay for certain damage. The insurance company claimed that these provisions of the standard contract terms that exclude its obligation to pay for certain damage, should be seen as core terms of the contract. Pursuant to art. 6:231a BW, implementing art. 4 Sec. 2 of the Directive, core terms are not subject to the unfairness test unless they have been formulated in an unclear way. The court states it is important to mention that the case concerns standard contract terms of an insurance company. Pursuant to Dutch law, a term in an insurance contract which has direct influence on the scope of application of the insurance policy may not be seen as a standard contract term. Provisions of the standard contract terms that exclude insurance company’s obligation to pay for certain damage may not be seen as standard contract terms. Therefore, they may not be subject to the unfairness test.
  • Decision

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