Case law

  • Case Details
    • National ID: 403/2001
    • Member State: Spain
    • Common Name:Hermann T. and Imgard T. v “Oliva Beach Title Limited”, “Amapola Holiday Marketing Ltd.”
    • Decision type: Other
    • Decision date: 16/07/2001
    • Court: Audiencia Provincial (Appellate court, Valencia)
    • Subject:
    • Plaintiff:
    • Defendant:
    • Keywords:
  • Directive Articles
    Timeshare Directive, Article 5, 1.
  • Headnote
    It is possible to refer to the Directive 94/47/EC even before the deadline for its transposition is finished, since if a contract lacks the required information established in its article 4 and in its appendix, an essential imbalance occurs between the rights and the duties of the contracting parties which allows for the termination of the contract.
  • Facts
    The contracting party subscribed a contract of timesharing on January 8th 1997, before the 30 month period established by the Directive 94/47/EC for its due transposition finished. Since the aforementioned contract lacked a lot of compulsory information imposed in article 4 of the Directive, the consumers asked for the termination of the contract, which was rejected by the court of first instance but accepted in the appeal.
  • Legal issue
    This judgment takes as a reference point the principle of freedom of contracts, which in the case of the acquisition of timeshare rights it is limited because the contractual position of the consumer it is always weakened as far as the drawing-up of the contract as well as the wording, predetermined by the vendor party, are concerned.

    On the date of the signing of the contract (8.1.1997), the period for the transposition of the Directive into the Spanish Law had not finished yet (the deadline was on 29th April 1997). Nevertheless the ECJ’s case-law expressed the need that the judges within a country interpreted their own law according to the communitarian rule, no matter whether this was directly applicable or not. Therefore, within the obligations to achieve the goals of a Directive is needed the legislative action of the State, and in the event this is not possible, as a second resource, the result must be secured by the judge, within his limited powers, although with a limited effect to the parties involved in the process. In order to back up this solution, the court quotes various judgments, as the one from the Appeal Court of Malaga (6th section) of 10th June 1999, which refers to the five blueprints of Act to rule timesharing in Spain between February 1988 and February 1997, which made advisable to refer to the Directive 94/47/EC; according to the quoted judgment, it was considered possible on the face of the legal vacuum in Spain “the direct application by Spanish jurisdictional organs of the aforementioned Directive as literally transposed” as a useful resource to achieve legal protection. In this sense were mentioned the SAP Malaga of 30th June 1997, the SAP Las Palmas de Gran Canaria of 20th July 1998 and other, being the most recent one the Appeal Court of Baleares (judgments of 4th July 1998 and 2nd June 1998). In the same way some communitarian case law is being referred to (judgments Grad of 1960, Sace of 1979, Van Duyn of 1994, Delkvist of 1978, Becker of 1982 and others) which affect the direct application of the Directives which degree of concretion does not leave margin of discretion to the legislator or when the deadline of transposition had finished. In the same way it reproduces extensively the case law of the Spanish Supreme Court on certain direct effect of the Directives (in connection with the Directive 93/13/EEC). Through this interpretation it has become recognized the power to terminate ad nutum within the deadlines of the Directive (like this also SAP Barcelona of 17th March 1999).

    In the Directive 94/47/EC “The highest protection to the consumer is fortunately an obsessive priority, with serious obligations for the developer”. His duty to inform in writing, of art. 4 of the Directive, is one among those. In the contract of 8.1.1997 there are not many of those compulsory information, included the right to terminate on the part of the purchaser. Therefore it is right to grant the termination because the lack of information on the contract in connection with art. 4 of the Directive and its appendix have enough transcendence and it has to be understood that there is an essential imbalance between the rights and the duties of the contracting parties.
  • Decision

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