Case law

  • Case Details
    • National ID: 240/11.7TBVRM.G1.S1
    • Member State: Portugal
    • Common Name:link
    • Decision type: Supreme court decision
    • Decision date: 27/09/2016
    • Court: Supreme Court of Justice
    • Subject:
    • Plaintiff: AA and BB
    • Defendant: SEGURO EE, S.A.
    • Keywords: insurance contract, unfair commercial practices
  • Directive Articles
    Unfair Contract Terms Directive, link Unfair Contract Terms Directive, Article 3, 1.
  • Headnote
    (1) The special conditions of a contract shall be regarded as general contractual terms provided that such conditions have been drafted in advance and are addressed to undetermined recipients.
    (2) The use of general contractual terms shall be prohibited and the terms considered null and void in case they, contrary to the requirement of good faith, lead to a significant imbalance in the contractual relations between the parties.
  • Facts
    The plaintiff and the defendant (an insurance company) concluded a life insurance contract intended to guarantee the amounts due for payment to a bank in the event of absolute and definitive disability of the plaintiff.
    The plaintiff suffered from a disabling disease and the defendant refused to pay the amount in debt. The defendant claimed that, according to the special conditions of the life insurance contract, the obligation to pay the amount in debt only applies if the insured person needs the permanent assistance of a third person, which was not the case of the plaintiff.
  • Legal issue
    (1) The court considered that the special conditions of the life insurance contract shall be considered as general contractual terms as they have been drafted in advance and are addressed to undetermined recipients, in accordance with article 3 Directive 93/13/EEC of 5 April (implemented into Portuguese law by article 1 Decree-Law No. 446/85 of 25 October).
    (2) The court considered that the special conditions of the life insurance contract shall be prohibited and considered as null and void because, contrary to the requirement of good faith, they lead to a significant imbalance in the contractual relations between the parties, in accordance with article 3 Directive 93/13/EEC, of 5 April (implemented into Portuguese law by articles 12 and 15 Decree-Law No. 446/85, of 25 October).
  • Decision

    (1) Shall the special conditions of a contract be regarded as general contractual terms in case such conditions have been drafted in advance and are addressed to undetermined recipients?
    (2) What are the legal consequences of using general contractual terms which, contrary to the requirement of good faith, lead to a significant imbalance in the contractual relations between the parties?

    URL: http://www.dgsi.pt/jstj.nsf/954f0ce6ad9dd8b980256b5f003fa814/77204306b7ddefe38025803b00518ed1?OpenDocument

    Full text: Full text

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  • Result
    The court upheld the first instance court's judgment.