The website http://www.borger.dk/ is the Danish National Citizen Portal, which provides a single point of access to information about public authorities and their online services.
To access public self-services on http://www.borger.dk/ and on other public portals, MitID is needed. MitID is a personal electronic ID. It is primarily a phone application (app) used to access public self-services. On the MitID app, the citizen can register with a civil registration number (Central Personal Registry- number (CPR-number)), as well as a passport or ID card, and create an account with a user ID and personal code. It is also possible to physically register a MitID through the Citizen Service Centre. The public self-service portal will connect with the app, and the log on-attempt will have to be verified through the app using either biometrics, a QR-code or an OTP (One Time Password). If you cannot use the app, there are alternative methods such as a handheld code-device, an audio code reader or a MitID chip. Every person residing in Denmark for more than 3 months is registered in the CPR system (Central Personal Registry). The system provides a person with a personal identification number (CPR number).
A CPR number is provided to citizens with a permanent address in Denmark by the municipal in the city of residence. Citizens of Norway, Sweden, Finland and Iceland are free to work and live in Denmark without a residence document.
You can read messages from Danish public authorities directly via your personal digital mailbox (Digital Post) which is the online platform, where most of the citizens’ written communication with public authorities happen. EU-citizens with a MitID or an eID from another EU country can access Digital Post. Digital Post has several different points of access, including http://www.borger.dk/, http://www.mit.dk/, http://www.e-boks.dk/ and the Digital Post app. The Digital Post app and http://www.borger.dk/ are administered by the Agency for Digital Government (Digitaliseringsstyrelsen).
Most of the national digital service infrastructure (eID, NemKonto, nemLogin, MitID, Digital Post, Health Insurance Card App and Drivers Licence App) are administered by the Agency for Digital Government under the Ministry of Digital Government and Gender Equality. The Ministry of Urban, Rural and Ecclesiastical Affairs is responsible for other matters relating to registration of individuals, name registrations and documents for individuals. The local church offices or municipalities at the place where the individual resides, administers the direct contact with citizens.
The certificates mentioned below, issued online are not officially signed and are without an official authority stamp. If a foreign authority requires authorisation, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs can, upon request, assist in Apostille and Legalizing of the document at a fee of DKK 210 (approximately EUR 28). Company documents issued for trade purposes can be legalized for free.
In the field of Justice most of the online public services are provided by The Danish Court Administration (Domstolsstyrelsen).
Information regarding companies is accessible via http://www.virk.dk/.
Links:
Purpose and scope: In Denmark legal aid is provided in different forms:
- Legal aid “retshjælp”: Advice from a Lawyer: Everyone has the right to receive fundamental legal advice in person from a Lawyer, who can be found at a “Advokatvagten” office. This entails oral advice on practical and economic possibilities in the case. Advice can be obtained by a physical meeting or by phone, not online. Further, it is possible to receive fundamental legal advice from a “retshjælp” (legal aid office) which primarily consists of volunteers within the legal field such as lawyers, law students and other relevant personnel.
- Legal aid “retshjælp”: Further legal help: Can be provided if a natural person meets a threshold in terms of personal income under a certain level. Legal aid cannot be provided if a natural person is involved in a criminal case; or if the case is relating to a commercial business. If the person meets the threshold, the government pays for 75 percent of the lawyers fee up to DKK 1.180 (2022 level).
- Legal aid “retshjælp”: Dispute resolution/negotiations: Can be provided if the person meets the same threshold as in relation to step 2 and there is a dispute and it’s the lawyer’s assessment that the case can be terminated out of court. In step 3 the government pays 50 % of the lawyer’s fee up to DKK 2.700.
- Free legal representation “Fri proces”: Before or during a filed court case it is possible to request Free legal representation “Fri Proces”, which entail that the government covers the costs of the lawsuit. Free legal representation “fri proces” can also be granted if the case is concerning matters of general public importance or matters which are of essential significance to the applicant’s social or occupational situation.
- Minor Case Procedure: Further, the Courts provide legal assistance in the Procedure for minor cases “småsagsprocedure”. In such situations the case can be prepared and filed without the assistance of a lawyer, and the courts have an obligation to assist in the handling of the case.
- Legal aid insurance: Many insurance companies have a legal aid insurance of approximately 150.000-250.000 DKK which covers legal expenses in case legal action is brought against the policy holder or the holder brings legal action against another. Expenses for the policy holder varies between insurance companies.
Competent authority: Ministry of Justice / Civil Affairs Agency (Justitsministeriet – Civilstyrelsen).
Conditions of access:
- Eligibility requirements:
- Advice from a lawyer is free for all. Further legal aid (“retshjælp” step 2 and 3 + Free legal representation “fri process”) requires the person’s income to be under a threshold. Free legal representation “fri process” can in some circumstances be granted regardless of the person’s income.
- Minor Case Procedure does not have eligibility requirements.
- Identification and authentication requirements: Identification through the use of MitID
- Documents to be provided: Tax report for the prior (full) year.
Legal effects of electronic document: N/A
Possibility to complete the procedure fully online: The possibility to complete the procedure online depends on the area mentioned above:
- Legal aid “retshjælp” (step 1, 2 and 3) cannot happen online, as this is oral advice given in person or via telephone.
- Free legal representation “fri process”: Yes, the application on free procedure can be applied for online.
- Minor Case Procedure can happen partially online, as all cases are handled electronically via the webpage http://www.minretssag.dk/. It is however only a partial online procedure, as there will also be phone meetings and, if necessary, also oral hearings in the court room.
Cost: N/A
Links:
https://domstol.dk/alle-emner/raadgivning-og-retshjaelp/offentlig-retshjaelp/
http://www.advokatvagterne.dk/
https://civilstyrelsen.dk/sagsomraader/fri-proces
https://civilstyrelsen.dk/sagsomraader/fri-proces/ansoeg-om-fri-proces
Purpose and scope: A victim of a crime that has a documented loss can file for compensation from the offender.
Competent authority: Ministry of Justice, Civil Affairs Agency (Justitsministeriet, Civilstyrelsen)
Conditions of access:
- Eligibility requirements: Compensation can be paid to a victim of a crime, where the crime has been filed with the police, generally within 72 hours of the crime, and the victim has claimed compensation in the criminal case either to the police or the court.
- The claim has to be filed at the latest two years after final and conclusive judgement in the case.
- Identification and authentication requirements: Via MitID
- Documents to be provided:
- Relevant case number from the police case; documentation for claims (eg. purchase of medicine, treatment and broken items (clothes etc).
- Account information where the compensation can be paid to
- Information on relevant insurance
Legal effects of electronic document: N/A
Possibility to complete the procedure fully online: Yes
Cost: The service is free
Link:
Ansøg om erstatning (civilstyrelsen.dk)
More information how to obtain compensation in Denmark is available here https://civilstyrelsen.dk/sagsomraader/erstatningsnaevnet/ansoeg-om-erstatning
Purpose and scope: The initiation of a court case can be filed online in all civil court cases by using the portal http://www.minretssag.dk/. Here it is possible to upload the writ of summons as well as all supporting documents. The full written stage of the case is handled via the portal, which gives notice to the other party, when there are new documents or new deadlines set by the court.
Competent authority: The Danish Court Administration (Domstolsstyrelsen)
Conditions of access:
- Eligibility requirements: None
- Identification and authentication requirements: MitID of the physical or legal person that is party to the case or by the lawyer representing them.
- Documents to be provided: No specific documents need to be provided to file a case.
Legal effects of electronic document: N/A
Possibility to complete the procedure fully online: Yes – the preparation of the court case may happen online. If the court decides on the case on a written basis, the full procedure happens online. If the case goes on to oral procedure, this is of course not the case.
Cost: A fee applies when filing a civil lawsuit. The amount is dependent on the kind of case as well as the value at stake. For more information see: https://domstol.dk/alle-emner/sagsomkostninger/retsafgift/
Link:
Purpose and scope: By using the portal http://www.minretssag.dk/ a party to a litigation case can consent to electronic transmission of documents. On the portal a party to a litigation case can consult the progress of his/her case online and receive electronically the notices, receipts and summonses sent by the clerk to a party by any means, by simple letter or by registered letter without acknowledgement of receipt. An electronic notice will be sent to the relevant person via the Digital Post of that party/person, but for security reasons it is necessary to log on to http://www.minretssag.dk/ to see the document.
Competent authority: The Danish Court Administration (Domstolsstyrelsen)
Conditions of access:
- Eligibility requirements: None; save for a few circumstances where the use of http://www.minretssag.dk/ is mandatory
- Identification and authentication requirements: The user should identify via MitID
- Documents to be provided: You can be excused if you have a disability. Documentation for disability must then be provided to the court https://www.domstol.dk/selvbetjening/blanketter-og-vejledninger/minretssagdk/digitalt-fritaget/
Legal effects of electronic document: All documents are considered received and deadlines can be calculated once the documents are uploaded in the electronical system http://www.minretssag.dk/
Possibility to complete the procedure fully online: Yes
Cost: A fee for filing a lawsuit is calculated based on the value of the case, but not specifically for the use of electronic services
Link: https://www.minretssag.dk/frontpage
More information on how to obtain Electronic access to judicial documents in Denmark is available here https://domstol.dk/alle-emner/anlaeg-civil-sag/
Purpose and scope: Judicial auctions are held if a debtor is not able to pay his/her creditors. A judicial auction can be processed if the creditor has security in, for example, property and summoned at the bailiff in the court where the property is located. All judicial auctions are announced online at http://www.statstidende.dk/
Competent authority: The local court where the property is located.
Conditions of access:
- Eligibility requirements: A judicial auction can be processed by a creditor that has a claim towards the debtor; and such claim is covered by registered security in the property registered at http://www.tinglysning.dk/
- Identification and authentication requirements: N/A
- Documents to be provided: Proof of security in the property
Legal effects of electronic document: N/A
Possibility to complete the procedure fully online: No, the judicial auction is held at a physical meeting at the court house, but the call for a judicial auction happens online.
Cost: N/A
Purpose and scope: In Denmark there are no online mediation services provided. Either the parties in a case seek their own advice outside of the system; or the court may suggest mediation services as part of the court’s handling of the case. This is a process that is not handled electronically but is a physical meeting between the parties.
Competent authority: The Courts
Conditions of access:
- Eligibility requirements: N/A
- Identification and authentication requirements: N/A
- Documents to be provided: N/A
Legal effects of electronic document: N/A
Possibility to complete the procedure fully online: No
Cost: No separate costs
Purpose and scope:
All information regarding a Danish established company can be found on the web page http://www.virk.dk/ which is administered by the Danish Business Authority. Information on the establishment of a company, ownership structure, ultimate ownership, management of the board, including names of board of directors and CEO as well as annual reports of limited companies are available. If a company is under restructuring or is insolvent this will also appear in http://www.virk.dk/.
A company owner can log on to the system through their electronic secure ID (MitID) or the company employee electronic signature and provide the system with relevant information. There is an obligation to always keep the system up to date.
Competent authority: Danish Business Authority
Conditions of access:
- Eligibility requirements: None – the web portal is publicly accessible.
- Identification and authentication requirements:
- Yes, either via a natural person’s own MitID or via an electronic signature issued to the person via the company.
- To access information regarding a company it is also necessary to identify via electronic signature (MitID)
- Documents to be provided:
- At Company formation there are legal requirements on which documents should be provided; for example, articles of association, minutes of general assembly etc.
- No documents provided to access information on companies.
Legal effects of electronic document: N/A
Possibility to complete the procedure fully online: Yes, it is possible to handle all documentation regarding company formation and access to information on companies online.
Cost: There is a fee, depending on the type of service; https://erhvervsstyrelsen.dk/gebyrer-og-takster
Link: https://datacvr.virk.dk/
No online public translation services have been identified. Most documents can be issued both in Danish and in English. Further, according to the Regulation 2016/2019 certain documents are followed by a multilingual standard form to be used as a translation aid.