Jurisprudência

  • Informações sobre o processo
    • ID nacional: Supreme Court of Justice, Judgement 1012/15.5T8VRL-BD.G1.S2
    • Estado-Membro: Portugal
    • Designação comum:N/A
    • Tipo de decisão: Decisão do Supremo Tribunal
    • Data da decisão: 17/10/2019
    • Tribunal: Supremo Tribunal de Justiça
    • Assunto:
    • Requerente:
    • Requerido:
    • Palavras-chave: Consumer rights, contract law, real state
  • Artigos da diretiva
    Unfair Commercial Practices Directive, Chapter 1, Article 2, (a)
  • Nota introdutória

    Only natural persons are, at least in principle, consumers, and therefore their credit cannot benefit from the right of retention provided for in Article 755(1)(f) of the Civil Code, in the ranking of claims in insolvency proceedings.

    The promised fraction to be sold by the insolvent to the residence of the manager of the promissory company was also intended to be allocated to the interests or purposes pursued with the corporate activity.

    This destination is not identifiable with the private, personal, family or domestic use underlying the restricted concept of consumer.

  • Factos

    In the attached credit claim regarding the declaration of insolvency of a company, the creditor challenged the list of creditors.

    The plaintiff contested the qualification of such credit as guaranteed by the right of retention.

    A judgement qualified the credit as common.

    Dissatisfied with the decision, the plaintiff appealed to the Court of Appeal, arguing that his credit had to have been qualified as guaranteed by the right of retention.

    The Guimarães Court of Appeal upheld the First Instance Court decision.

    The plaintiff, dissatisfied with the decision, submitted this appeal to the Supreme Court of Justice.

  • Questões jurídicas

    Can a collective person be considered a consumer?

  • Decisão

    The doctrine and Community Directives exclude legal or moral persons from the concept of consumer.

    Moreover, in various other legislation aimed at consumer protection, the law clearly confines consumer status to natural persons. Most European legislation on consumer law defines a consumer as a "natural person who acts for purposes other than his commercial or professional activities".

    Thus, a commercial company will not be liable to be a consumer. This removes the possibility of the right of retention it claims.

    URL: http://www.dgsi.pt/jstj.nsf/954f0ce6ad9dd8b980256b5f003fa814/ac5a04b1cad1467c802584970053c52f?OpenDocument

    Texto integral: Texto integral

  • Processos conexos

    Sem resultados disponíveis

  • Bibliografia jurídica

    Sem resultados disponíveis

  • Resultado

    The Court upheld the Second Instance Court judgement.

    Through this judgement, the Court considered that only natural persons are, at least in principle, consumers, and therefore their credit cannot benefit from the right of retention provided for in Article 755(1)(f) of the Civil Code, in the ranking of claims in insolvency proceedings.