Sodna praksa

  • Podatki o zadevi
    • Nacionalna ID: High Court, Decision II Cp 2095/2019
    • Država članica: Slovenija
    • Splošno ime:N/A
    • Vrsta odločbe: Sodna odločba v pritožbenem postopku
    • Datum odločbe: 08/07/2020
    • Sodišče: Višje sodišče v Ljubljani
    • Zadeva:
    • Tožnik:
    • Toženec:
    • Ključne besede: imbalance between the rights of the parties, unfair term, consumer debt, consumer contract, nullity
  • Členi direktive
    Unfair Contract Terms Directive, Article 3 Unfair Contract Terms Directive, Article 3, 1. Unfair Contract Terms Directive, Article 4 Unfair Contract Terms Directive, Article 4, 2. Unfair Contract Terms Directive, Article 6
  • Uvodna opomba

    ECLI:SI:VSLJ:2020:II.CP.2095.2019


    A contractual condition is unfair if, contrary to the requirement of good faith to the detriment of the consumer, it causes a significant imbalance in the contractual rights and obligations of the parties. According to the CJEU, in assessing the existence of a significant imbalance to the detriment of the consumer, it is relevant to compare the consumer's position under the contract with the position he would have under applicable national law and taking into account his legal remedies under national law to achieve the cessation of the use of unfair terms. Circumstances, that could affect the subsequent performance of the contract and that the provider could have known at the time of concluding the contract are important. In doing so, the bank's expertise on possible changes in exchange rates must be taken into account. The CJEU has also already stated that the contractual provision, according to which the borrower is obliged to return the annuity in the equivalent of the domestic currency, transfers the burden of exchange rate risk to him.

    Relevance: The Court discussed the meaning of the obligation to inform and presented the circumstances, that should be taken into account when deciding whether a contractual term is fair or not.

  • Dejstva
    On 27 July 2007, the litigants entered into a financial leasing agreement for real estate no. 000, under which the plaintiff's legal ancestor undertook to purchase the property solely for the purpose of leasing it to the defendant as the lessee, and to offer him the option to purchase the property after the final repayment of the contract. The defendant, as the lessee, undertook to pay the lessor the costs of approval, principal, interest, and handling costs. The subject of the lease was real estate, a residential house, built to the third construction phase and part of the path that allowed access. The purchase value of the real estate amounted to 336,702.00 CHF, which on the day of concluding the contract, converted into EUR, amounted to 204,000.00 EUR. The lessee undertook to pay 120 installments of the lease at 3,721.17 CHF or a total of 446,540.40 CHF. The defendant initially fulfilled its obligations on a regular basis, but in 2011 he/she stopped making regular payments. Following unsuccessful reminders, the applicant, therefore, withdrew from the contract on 30 August 2012.
  • Pravna zadeva
    Are the contractual terms of the CHF loan repayment (which are linked to the currency clause) unfair within the meaning of Directive 93/13 / EC? Did the bank fulfill its obligation to inform?
  • Odločba

    The view of the Court of First Instance is correct in that a mere failure to perform the obligation to inform would not result in the annulment of the contract. It is necessary to take into account Article 23 of the Consumer Protection Act (ZvPot), point 1 of Article 3 of Directive 93/13/EEC, point 2 of Article 4 of Directive 93/13/EEC, and Article 6 of Directive 93/13/EEC. According to the CJEU, in assessing the existence of a significant imbalance to the detriment of the consumer, it is relevant to compare the consumer's position under the contract with that he would have under applicable national law and taking into account his legal remedies under national law to achieve the cessation of the use of unfair terms. Circumstances that could affect the subsequent performance of the contract and that the provider could have known at the time of concluding the contract are important. In doing so, the bank's expertise on possible changes in exchange rates must be taken into account. The CJEU has also already stated that the contractual provision, according to which the borrower is obliged to return the annuity in the equivalent of the domestic currency, transfers the burden of exchange rate risk to him.

    However, the defendant did not provide any evidence to substantiate the existence of a significant imbalance in the contractual positions of the litigants or any other circumstances on the basis of which it would justify the unfairness of the contractual condition and thus its nullity. In the light of the foregoing, the Court of First Instance correctly rejected the defendant's claim for the annulment of the contract at issue.

    Celotno besedilo: Celotno besedilo

  • Povezane zadeve

    Zadetki niso na voljo

  • Pravna literatura

    Zadetki niso na voljo

  • Zadetek
    The appeals are upheld, the judgement under appeal is set aside and the case is remitted to the Court of First Instance for a new trial, because part of the judgement for damages has not been decided correctly. The decision on appeal costs is reserved for the final decision. An appeal is allowed against this decision.