Sodna praksa

  • Podatki o zadevi
    • Nacionalna ID: High Court, Judgement II Cp 889/2020
    • Država članica: Slovenija
    • Splošno ime:N/A
    • Vrsta odločbe: Sodna odločba v pritožbenem postopku
    • Datum odločbe: 13/04/2021
    • Sodišče: Višje sodišče v Ljubljani
    • Zadeva:
    • Tožnik:
    • Toženec:
    • Ključne besede: bad faith, unfair terms, nullity, professional diligence, consumer protection
  • Členi direktive
    Unfair Contract Terms Directive, Article 4
  • Uvodna opomba

    ECLI:SI:VSLJ:2021:II.CP.889.2020

    A contractual term not individually agreed by the parties is considered impermissible if, contrary to the requirement of good faith to the detriment of the consumer, it causes a significant imbalance in the parties' contractual rights and obligations. The finding that a contractual term is unfair leads to the nullity of this contractual provision or the entire contract. If it is established that because the explanatory duty was not completely fulfilled the contractual term was only unclear but not unfair (because the bank's bad faith or the existence of a significant imbalance in the rights and obligations of the parties is not demonstrated), the sanction cannot be annulment. In order to assess the unfairness, it is decisive whether there was a significant difference between the bank and the borrower(consumer) in terms of information on exchange rate risk and then existing circumstances. If the bank knew or should and could have known about these risks or circumstances, but did not inform the borrower about them, it acted in bad faith when concluding the credit agreement.

  • Dejstva

    In 2008, the consumer entered into a contractual relationship with the bank for a credit agreement and the real estate pledge agreement in the foreign currency CHF. After the appreciation of CHF against EUR, the consumer brought actions against the bank claiming it acted in bad faith when concluding the agreements taking into account its experience and professional knowledge.

  • Pravna zadeva

    Did the bank act in bad faith, making the agreements null?

  • Odločba

    The bank did not properly fulfil its explanatory duty, making the main subject unclear. Thus, the Court also had to assess the question of the unfairness of the main subject of the contract (a foreign currency loan agreement not individually agreed), namely whether the bank had acted in bad faith and whether there was a significant imbalance between the rights and obligations of the contracting parties. The consumer had not demonstrated a significant imbalance in the contractual rights and obligations of the parties at the time of concluding the credit agreement. The burden of proof regarding the bank’s bad faith was on the consumer’s. The opposite position is not supported by the Directive. The evidentiary procedure showed that the bank did not have information indicating future movements in the CHF exchange rate. The consumer thus failed to demonstrate the bank’s alleged bad faith. As the contractual condition was not unfair, the concluded legal transactions were not null and void.

    Celotno besedilo: Celotno besedilo

  • Povezane zadeve

    Zadetki niso na voljo

  • Pravna literatura

    Zadetki niso na voljo

  • Zadetek

    The appeal was dismissed as unfound and the judgement of the Court of First Instance was upheld. Against this decision only extraordinary legal remedies are possible. Concretely, an appeal on points of law and a revision of the judgement, both only if the legal requirements under the Civil Procedure Act are fulfilled.