Съдебна практика

  • Данни за случая
    • Национален идентификатор: Supreme Administrative Court, Judgment 206/19, VII d.
    • Държава-членка: България
    • Общоприето наименование:N/A
    • Вид решение: Решение на върховния съд
    • Дата на решението: 08/01/2019
    • Съд: Supreme Administrative Court
    • Заглавие:
    • Ищец:
    • Ответник:
    • Ключови думи: material information, misleading actions, misleading commercial practices
  • Членове от директивата
    Unfair Commercial Practices Directive, Chapter 2, Section 1, Article 6, 1.
  • Уводна бележка

    Claiming that a certain food product is intended for children is considered a misleading commercial practice if the trader is unable to prove that the product is capable of positively influencing the health and development of the child. The absence of certain ingredients that other manufacturers use in such products is not enough to justify the claim that that food is intended for children.

  • Факти

    The plaintiff is a food producer that sells “cooked Sachi hot dogs for kids”. The name of the product - "Sachi for kids" - is marked on the label. It is noted that the cooked hot dogs are suitable for children over one year old and a child is depicted on the label of the product.

    The Consumer Protection Commission issued an order establishing that the plaintiff used unfair commercial practice, since the claim that the product was created for children misleads the users.

    The plaintiff appealed this order before Sofia Administrative Court but the court rejected the appeal as ungrounded. As a final resort, the plaintiff appealed the First Instance Court’s ruling before the Supreme Administrative Court.

  • Правен въпрос

    The Consumer Protection Commission issued an order establishing that the plaintiff used unfair commercial practice, since the claim that the product was created for children misleads the users.

  • Решение

    The Supreme Administrative Court held that:

    European and national law lack specific statutory requirements for “baby foods”, so it cannot be determined whether “Sachi hot dogs for children” has a specific advantage over other hot dogs, which makes them more child-friendly. This is a misleading commercial practice because the trader has no legal basis to designate hot dogs as a product for children.

    The plaintiff believes that by excluding the soy-bean and monosodium glutamate from the composition of the product, the product can be defined as one intended for children.

    According to Regulation 1924/2006 (EC), claims relating to the development and health of children may be used if they have been authorised in accordance with the Regulation procedure. According to the expert opinion of the National Centre for Public Health and Analysis, the labeling, advertising and presentation of these foods as “for children” is not based on claims concerning the development and health of children. According to the expert opinion of the Bulgarian Food Safety Agency, it is evident from the technological documentation for the indicated foods that they do not comply with the recommended nutritional standards for children. Their ingredients and the production technology do not give them special characteristics, which define special purposes, such as foods for children over three years of age.

    Marketing this product with the name “Sachi hot dogs for children” attributes a special characteristic that the product does not actually have. The plaintiff has not proved that the product has the qualities to be identified as suitable for children and that it has advantages over other products of the same type, which are not “for children”.

    From the information on the label, the average consumer has the impression that the product has been made specifically for children and that it has specific advantages over other products of the same kind that make it suitable for children's consumption as far as it is healthier or less harmful than the rest. This causes a delusion about the actual characteristics of the product and may affect in the decision of the consumer – a purchase he would not have made without the use of this commercial practice. The complainant‘s arguments that, since the parents are consumers with particular caution, which distinguishes them from the average consumer, it is therefore difficult to mislead the product as their choice is based on careful consideration and analysis, not just the outer features of the packaging, are without justification. The Court finds that adopting such a view would mean that the consumer has to always check and compare whether the ingredients of the hot dog reflected on the label are the same as those of other products of the same type, which are not indicated as “for children” and only then make a commercial decision. The Court also finds that it is not likely for the average consumer to make such analysis, given that the overall presentation of the product suggests that it is a product with certain advantage over those of the same kind.

    URL: http://www.sac.government.bg/court22.nsf/d038edcf49190344c2256b7600367606/b2b92b731a73013bc225836900396f42?OpenDocument

    Пълен текст: Пълен текст

  • Свързани случаи

    Няма налични резултати

  • Правна литература

    Няма налични резултати

  • Резултат

    The Court upheld the First Instance Court’s decision that rejected the plaintiff’s appeal.